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L'essentiel du cours
1. Vocabulary: Education
- Types of education: Primary education, secondary education, higher education (university), vocational training (learning a trade/job).
- School life: Subjects (math, history, etc.), curriculum (the program), school facilities (library, lab), classmates, teachers.
- Key concepts:
- Literacy: The ability to read and write.
- Illiteracy: The inability to read and write.
- Dropout: A student who leaves school before finishing.
- Scholarship / Grant: Money given to a student to pay for studies.
- Compulsory education: Education that is required by law.
2. Grammar: Expressing Purpose and Result
A. Expressing Purpose (Le but) On utilise ces structures pour expliquer pourquoi on fait une action.
- Structure 1: $\text{Verb} + \text{to} / \text{in order to} / \text{so as to} + \text{infinitive}$
- Example: He studies hard $\text{in order to}$ pass his exams.
- Structure 2: $\text{Verb} + \text{so that} + \text{subject} + \text{can / could / will / would} + \text{verb}$
- Example: He studies hard $\text{so that}$ he $\text{can}$ succeed.
B. Expressing Result (Le résultat) On utilise ces structures pour montrer la conséquence d'une situation.
- Structure 1: $so + \text{adjective/adverb} + that + \text{clause}$
- Example: The exam was $\text{so difficult that}$ many students failed.
- Structure 2: $such + (\text{a/an}) + \text{adjective} + \text{noun} + that + \text{clause}$
- Example: It was $\text{such a difficult exam that}$ many students failed.
Méthodes à maîtriser
- La transformation de phrases : Savoir passer d'une expression de but ($to$) à une expression de résultat ($so...that$) ou inversement.
- La rédaction de paragraphe : Utiliser des connecteurs logiques (First, Moreover, Therefore, In conclusion) pour parler de l'importance de l'éducation.
- L'usage des modaux : Utiliser must/have to pour l'obligation scolaire et should pour le conseil.
Exemples corrigés
Q: Rewrite the sentence using "so that": Sentence: "She joined a language school to improve her English." Answer: "She joined a language school $\text{so that}$ she $\text{could}$ improve her English."
Q: Rewrite the sentence using "such": Sentence: "The lesson was very interesting, so the students listened carefully." Answer: "It was $\text{such an interesting lesson that}$ the students listened carefully."
Erreurs fréquentes
- Confusion entre Purpose et Result : Ne pas confondre "pour faire quelque chose" (but) et "si bien que" (résultat).
- Oubli du "that" : Dans les structures de résultat, ne pas oublier le $that$ après $so$ ou $such$.
- Erreur de structure avec "so that" : Après $so\ that$, on doit obligatoirement avoir un sujet + un modal ($can, could, \dots$), pas un infinitif.