📘 Fiche de cours
L'essentiel du cours
1. Vocabulary: Health and Lifestyle
- Health problems (Illnesses/Diseases): flu, headache, stomachache, obesity, diabetes, asthma, infection, stress, cough.
- Symptoms: fever, pain, dizziness, tiredness, swelling.
- Healthy habits: a balanced diet, regular exercise, enough sleep, drinking water, hygiene, avoiding junk food.
- Unhealthy habits: smoking, sedentary lifestyle (lack of movement), eating too much sugar, sleeping late.
- Prevention & Treatment: to prevent, to cure, to treat, medicine, vitamins, vaccination.
2. Grammar: Modals of Advice and Obligation
- Advice (Conseil): Pour donner un conseil, on utilise :
- $Should / Shouldn't + Verb\ (base\ form)$
- $Ought\ to + Verb\ (base\ form)$
- Example: You should eat more vegetables.
- Obligation & Necessity (Obligation):
- $Must + Verb\ (base\ form)$ (Obligation forte/personnelle)
- $Have\ to + Verb\ (base\ form)$ (Obligation externe/règle)
- Example: You must see a doctor immediately.
- Prohibition (Interdiction):
- $Mustn't + Verb\ (base\ form)$
- Example: You mustn't smoke in hospitals.
3. Expressing Cause and Effect (Cause et Conséquence)
- Cause: $Result + because + Subject + Verb$ OR $Result + because\ of / due\ to + Noun$
- Effect/Result: $Cause + so / as\ a\ result + Result$
Méthodes à maîtriser
- Donner des conseils : Utiliser la structure $Subject + should + verb$ pour proposer une solution à un problème de santé.
- Décrire un problème : Utiliser le présent simple pour les habitudes ($I eat...$) et le présent continu pour les symptômes actuels ($I am feeling...$).
- Lier cause et conséquence : Bien distinguer l'utilisation de "because" (suivi d'une phrase) et "because of" (suivi d'un nom).
Exemples corrigés
- Transformation (Advice):
- Question: "I have a terrible headache." (Use: should)
- Answer: You should take an aspirin and rest.
- Linking (Cause/Effect):
- Question: "He eats too much fast food. He is gaining weight." (Use: because of)
- Answer: He is gaining weight because of eating too much fast food (ou: because of his bad diet).
- Modal usage:
- Question: "It is necessary to wash your hands." (Use: must)
- Answer: You must wash your hands.
Erreurs fréquentes
- L'oubli de la base verbale : Ne pas dire "You should
toeat" mais "You should eat". - Confusion Must/Should : Utiliser "must" pour un simple conseil (trop fort) au lieu de "should".
- Confusion Because/Because of : Dire "Because of he is sick" (Faux) au lieu de "Because he is sick" ou "Because of his sickness" (Vrai).