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Anglais · 2ème Année Bac — Sciences de la Charia

sustainable development

Le cours expliqué simplement, les questions que tous les élèves se posent et des exercices type examen national. Programme marocain, gratuit.

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L'essentiel du cours

Le développement durable (Sustainable Development) est un concept clé du programme. Il se définit comme un développement qui répond aux besoins du présent sans compromettre la capacité des générations futures à répondre aux leurs. Les trois piliers fondamentaux sont :

  1. Economic growth (Croissance économique) : Créer de la richesse sans épuiser les ressources.
  2. Social inclusion (Inclusion sociale) : Garantir l'équité, l'éducation et la santé pour tous.
  3. Environmental protection (Protection de l'environnement) : Préserver les écosystèmes et lutter contre le changement climatique.

Méthodes à maîtriser

  • Le vocabulaire spécifique : Maîtriser les termes comme renewable energy, carbon footprint, ecosystem, biodiversity, depletion of resources, recycling.
  • L'expression de la cause et de l'effet : Utiliser des connecteurs logiques pour expliquer les problèmes environnementaux (ex: due to, because of, consequently, therefore).
  • La rédaction d'un paragraphe argumentatif : Structurer ses idées avec une introduction, des arguments clairs (ex: Firstly, Moreover) et une conclusion.

Exemples corrigés

  • Question : Why is sustainable development important?
  • Réponse : It is important because it helps protect natural resources for future generations and reduces pollution.

Erreurs fréquentes

  • Confondre environment (le milieu) et environmental (l'adjectif).
  • Oublier le « s » à la troisième personne du singulier dans les verbes (The planet needs...).
  • Utiliser un vocabulaire trop vague au lieu de termes techniques précis appris en classe.
La question que tu n'oses pas poser en classe ? Pose-la à UstadZéro jugement, même en darija, même à minuit. Il t'explique pas à pas et corrige ta démarche. Gratuit.

Défi flash : 4 questions

Sans compte

🎯 sustainable development

1/4

Which of the following is a renewable energy source?

❓ Questions fréquentes

What is the main goal of sustainable development?

The main goal is to balance economic progress with environmental protection and social equality. It ensures that we use resources wisely so that our children and grandchildren can also live well.

💡 À retenir : It is about "meeting today's needs without harming tomorrow's".

Chno hiya "renewable energy" b darija?

"Renewable energy" hiya taqa moujaddida (الطاقة المتجددة). Hya l'energie li katji mn masadir tabi3iya li makatsalich, bhal chams (solar energy) aw rih (wind energy).

💡 À retenir : Renewable energy is clean and sustainable.

What is the difference between "global warming" and "climate change"?
  1. Global warming refers specifically to the rise in Earth's average temperature.
  2. Climate change is a broader term that includes global warming plus other effects like extreme weather, rising sea levels, and changing rainfall patterns.

💡 À retenir : Global warming is a part of climate change.

Kifach n9der nst3mel "sustainable" f jomla?

Bach tst3mel "sustainable", khassek tkon katchir l'haja li katbqa modda twila bla matdar l'bi2a. Exemple : "Using solar panels is a sustainable way to produce electricity."

💡 À retenir : Sustainable = durable/durablement.

Why is recycling important for the environment?
  1. It reduces the amount of waste sent to landfills.
  2. It saves energy because making products from recycled materials uses less energy than raw materials.
  3. It conserves natural resources like timber and water.

💡 À retenir : Recycling is a key pillar of environmental protection.

Chno homa "natural resources"?

Natural resources homa l'mawarid tabi3iya li kanakhdo mn l'ard, bhal l'ma, l'ghaba, l'ma3adin (minerals), w l'petrol.

💡 À retenir : We must manage them carefully to avoid depletion.

How can individuals contribute to sustainable development?
  1. By reducing water and electricity consumption.
  2. By using public transport instead of private cars.
  3. By recycling waste at home.
  4. By planting trees.

💡 À retenir : Small actions lead to big changes.

What does "carbon footprint" mean?

It is the total amount of greenhouse gases (like CO2) that are generated by our actions, such as driving a car or using electricity.

💡 À retenir : A smaller carbon footprint is better for the planet.

Is "sustainable development" only about the environment?

No, it is not. It also focuses on social justice, poverty reduction, and economic stability. It is a holistic approach.

💡 À retenir : Environment + Economy + Society = Sustainable Development.

Why do we need to protect biodiversity?
  1. It keeps ecosystems healthy.
  2. It provides us with food, medicine, and clean air.
  3. It ensures the balance of nature.

💡 À retenir : Biodiversity is the variety of life on Earth.

What is the role of governments in sustainable development?
  1. They create laws to protect the environment.
  2. They invest in green technologies.
  3. They promote education about sustainability.

💡 À retenir : Governments set the rules for a greener future.

What is a "non-renewable resource"?

It is a resource that cannot be replaced once it is used up, like coal, oil, or natural gas. They take millions of years to form.

💡 À retenir : Non-renewable resources are finite.

✍️ Exercices type examen national

Exercice 1

Fill in the blanks with the correct words from the list: (pollution - resources - sustainable - renewable)

  1. Solar energy is a type of ________ energy.
  2. We must protect our natural ________ for future generations.
  3. Factories are the main cause of air ________.
  4. We need to adopt a ________ lifestyle to save the planet.
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Exercice 2

Reorder the following words to make a coherent sentence:

  1. development / is / sustainable / for / important / our / future / .
  2. protect / we / must / the / environment / .
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Exercice 3

Write a short paragraph (about 60 words) explaining two ways to protect the environment in your city.

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