Ecology

1. It turns waste into reusable materials.
2. It saves energy and reduces the need for raw materials.
3. It prevents pollution in landfills.

💡 À retenir : Recycling is a simple way to protect the environment.

1. It is a natural process where gases in the atmosphere trap heat from the sun.
2. Human activities (like burning oil) increase these gases.
3. This makes the planet too hot, leading to global warming.

💡 À retenir : Greenhouse effect = heat trapped by gases.

1. Yes, they are synonyms.
2. Both are followed by a noun or a gerund (verb + ing).
3. Example: "The flood was due to heavy rain."

💡 À retenir : "Due to" and "because of" are interchangeable in this context.

1. Agriculture (clearing land for crops).
2. Logging (cutting trees for wood and paper).
3. Urban expansion (building cities).

💡 À retenir : Deforestation leads to loss of habitat for animals.

1. Global warming refers specifically to the rise in the Earth's average temperature due to greenhouse gases.
2. Climate change is a broader term that includes global warming but also covers other shifts like extreme weather, rising sea levels, and changing precipitation patterns.

💡 À retenir : Global warming is the cause; climate change is the overall result.

1. Renewable energy (like solar or wind) comes from sources that don't run out.
2. It produces little to no greenhouse gases compared to fossil fuels (oil, coal).
3. It helps reduce the carbon footprint and fights global warming.

💡 À retenir : Renewable energy is the key to a sustainable future.

1. "Consequently" shows a result.
2. Example: "Many factories dump waste into rivers; consequently, the water becomes toxic for fish."
3. Always place a semicolon before it and a comma after it.

💡 À retenir : Use "consequently" to link a problem to its direct negative outcome.

1. In the exam, you don't calculate it mathematically.
2. You describe it: it's the total amount of greenhouse gases generated by our actions (driving, flying, electricity use).
3. To reduce it, we should use public transport or save energy.

💡 À retenir : Carbon footprint = your personal contribution to pollution.

1. "Endangered" means a species is at risk of disappearing soon (e.g., the tiger).
2. "Extinct" means the species has completely disappeared and no individuals are left (e.g., the dinosaur).

💡 À retenir : Endangered = still alive but threatened; Extinct = gone forever.

1. Yes, absolutely. It is very common in "Ecology" to suggest solutions.
2. Example: "If we plant more trees, we will improve air quality."
3. It shows you can express conditions and consequences clearly.

💡 À retenir : "If" is perfect for proposing environmental solutions.

1. It means meeting our current needs without destroying the planet for future generations.
2. It involves using resources wisely so they don't run out.
3. Example: recycling paper instead of cutting down new trees.

💡 À retenir : Sustainability = preserving resources for the future.

1. Start with a clear topic sentence (e.g., "Pollution is a serious global problem").
2. Give two reasons (e.g., "First, factories... Second, cars...").
3. Suggest a solution (e.g., "Therefore, we must recycle").
4. Conclude with a final thought.

💡 À retenir : Use transition words like "First", "Moreover", and "Therefore".